Mubase - What does "what is the bestt set of tools for building a maple program??" mean? What are you criteria for best?
How much experience have you at building embedded software?
What C/C++ command-line development tools have you used?
Which C/C++ IDE's have you used?
Do you understand what a C/C++ compiler, assembler, librarian and linker does?
You have three basic directions, with some options:
1. Modify the Maple IDE file system, replacing Maple libraries, link script and source code with STM32F4 versions, and use the Maple-like bootloader you've installed with dfu-util
2. Use command line tools, and the STM32F4 libraries and source code, and use the Maple-like bootloader you've installed with dfu-util
3. Use a 3rd party IDE, e.g. Keil/Atollic/CooCox/Rowley Crossworks and use the ST-LINK/V2 built on the board to load programs
All of those can be made to work.
There is a guide on how to use Unix/Linux/Mac OS X command line tools at http://leaflabs.com/docs/unix-toolchain.html
There is some advice on putting chibios on it http://www.chibios.org/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=chibios:articles:stm32f4_discovery
There is some advice on how to use the STM32F4-DISCOVERY board with coocox http://www.coocox.org/forum/topic.php?id=2319
(That was to a person called Mubase too.)
You could get a free license for Keil for limited-size programs, I know this worked for someone who understands MCU's, but had never used C/C++. You could get a free limited time license from Rowley Crossworks. I have used that on an STM32F4-Discovery. They both have manuals, and documentation, but are still not trivial to get working.
You may get much more advice on using an STM32F4-Discovery at ST Micro's STM32 Discovery forums.