Apple Freak - The instructions for loading a Maple bootloader are at:
http://leaflabs.com/docs/bootloader.html#flashing-a-custom-bootloader
The Maple's USB behaves as two different USB devices, a serial device or DFU device. The Maple triggers the host PC to check which one it is using the two transistors and PC12. They pull one of the USB data lines, which the host PC USB interface senses, and that triggers the host PC to interrogate the Maple (over USB) to find out what type of USB device it is. This is called USB enumeration.
If your STM32F103 board can't do this using PC12, you'll likely have to rework the bootloader. It may be worth building the circuitry (or something equivalent) if you can get at the USB data lines.
(Full disclosure: I am not a member of Leaflabs staff.)